34#define INCLXX_IN_GEANT4_MODE 1
47 struct BystrickyEvaluator {
51 const G4double xrat=ekin*oneOverThreshold;
72 s11pzHC(-2.228000000000294018,8.7560000000005723725,-0.61000000000023239325,-5.4139999999999780324,3.3338333333333348023,-0.75835000000000022049,0.060623611111111114688),
73 s01ppHC(2.0570000000126518344,-6.029000000012135826,36.768500000002462784,-45.275666666666553533,25.112666666666611953,-7.2174166666666639187,1.0478875000000000275,-0.060804365079365080846),
74 s01pzHC(0.18030000000000441851,7.8700999999999953598,-4.0548999999999990425,0.555199999999999959),
75 s11pmHC(0.20590000000000031866,3.3450999999999993936,-1.4401999999999997825,0.17076666666666664973),
76 s12pmHC(-0.77235999999999901328,4.2626599999999991117,-1.9008899999999997323,0.30192266666666663379,-0.012270833333333331986),
77 s12ppHC(-0.75724999999999975664,2.0934399999999998565,-0.3803099999999999814),
78 s12zzHC(-0.89599999999996965072,7.882999999999978632,-7.1049999999999961928,1.884333333333333089),
79 s02pzHC(-1.0579999999999967036,11.113999999999994089,-8.5259999999999990196,2.0051666666666666525),
80 s02pmHC(2.4009000000012553286,-7.7680000000013376183,20.619000000000433505,-16.429666666666723928,5.2525708333333363472,-0.58969166666666670206),
81 s12mzHC(-0.21858699999999976269,1.9148999999999999722,-0.31727500000000001065,-0.027695000000000000486)
104 return 34.*std::pow(plab/0.4, (-2.104));
106 else if (plab < 0.800) {
107 return 23.5+1000.*std::pow(plab-0.7, 4);
109 else if (plab <= 2.0) {
110 return 1250./(50.+plab)-4.*std::pow(plab-1.3, 2);
113 return 77./(plab+1.5);
129 sigma = 6.3555*std::exp(-3.2481*alp-0.377*alp*alp);
131 else if (plab < 0.851) {
132 sigma = 33.+196.*std::pow(std::fabs(plab-0.95),2.5);
134 else if (plab <= 2.0) {
135 sigma = 31./std::sqrt(plab);
138 sigma = 77./(plab+1.5);
146 return 34.*std::pow(plab/0.4, (-2.104));
148 else if (plab < 0.8067) {
149 return 23.5+1000.*std::pow(plab-0.7, 4);
151 else if (plab <= 2.0) {
152 return 1250./(50.+plab)-4.*std::pow(plab-1.3, 2);
154 else if (plab <= 3.0956) {
155 return 77./(plab+1.5);
159 return 11.2+25.5*std::pow(plab, -1.12)+0.151*std::pow(alp, 2)-1.62*alp;
191 return 6.3555*std::exp(-3.2481*alp-0.377*std::pow(alp, 2));
193 else if (plab < 1.0) {
194 return 33.+196.*std::sqrt(std::pow(std::fabs(plab-0.95),5));
196 else if (plab < 1.924) {
197 return 24.2+8.9*plab;
201 return 48.9-33.7*std::pow(plab, -3.08)+0.619*std::pow(alp, 2)-5.12*alp;
206 return 34.*std::pow(plab/0.4, (-2.104));
208 else if (plab < 0.8734) {
209 return 23.5+1000.*std::pow(plab-0.7, 4);
211 else if (plab < 1.5) {
212 return 23.5+24.6/(1.+std::exp(-10.*(plab-1.2)));
214 else if (plab < 3.0044) {
215 return 41.+60.*(plab-0.9)*std::exp(-1.2*plab);
219 return 45.6+219.*std::pow(plab, -4.23)+0.41*std::pow(alp, 2)-3.41*alp;
230 if(s>=4074595.287720512986) {
237 if(s>=4074595.287720512986) {
244 if (sincl < 0.) sincl = 0.;
271 if ((iso != 0) && (plab < 2.1989)) {
272 snnpit = xsiso -
NNTwoPi(ener, iso, xsiso);
273 if (snnpit < 1.e-8) snnpit=0.;
276 else if ((iso == 0) && (plab < 1.7369)) {
278 if (snnpit < 1.e-8) snnpit=0.;
284 s11pz=55.185/std::pow((0.1412*plab+5),2);
286 else if (plab > 13.9) {
288 s11pz=6.67-13.3*std::pow(plab, -6.18)+0.456*alp*alp-3.29*alp;
290 else if (plab >= 0.7765) {
295 if (plab >= 0.79624) {
302 if (snnpit1 < 1.e-8) snnpit1=0.;
309 s01pz=15289.4/std::pow((11.573*plab+5),2);
311 else if (plab >= 0.777) {
317 s11pm=46.68/std::pow((0.2231*plab+5),2);
319 else if (plab >= 0.788) {
326 snnpit = 2*(s01pz+2*s11pm)-snnpit1;
327 if (snnpit < 1.e-8) snnpit=0.;
354 if (iso==0 && plab<3.33) {
356 if (snn2pit < 1.e-8) snn2pit=0.;
365 else if (plab >= 1.3817) {
371 s12pp=141.505/std::pow((-0.1016*plab-7),2);
373 else if (plab >= 1.5739) {
380 s12zz=97.355/std::pow((1.1579*plab+5),2);
382 else if (plab >= 1.72207) {
388 s02pz=178.082/std::pow((0.2014*plab+5),2);
390 else if (plab >= 1.5656) {
397 snn2pit=s12pm+s12pp+s12zz+s02pz;
398 if (snn2pit < 1.e-8) snn2pit=0.;
404 s02pm=135.826/std::pow(plab,2);
406 else if (plab >= 1.21925) {
411 if (plab >= 1.29269) {
418 snn2pit=3*(s02pm+0.5*s12mz-0.5*s02pz-s12zz);
419 if (snn2pit < 1.e-8) snn2pit=0.;
433 return 46.72/std::pow((plab - 5.8821),2);
436 snn3pit=xsiso-xs1pi-xs2pi;
437 if (snn3pit < 1.e-8) snn3pit=0.;
444 return 5592.92/std::pow((plab+14.9764),2);
446 else if (plab > 2.1989){
447 snn3pit=xsiso-xs1pi-xs2pi;
448 if (snn3pit < 1.e-8) snn3pit=0.;
493 return NNTwoPi(ener, 2, xsiso2);
515 return NNThreePi(ener, 2, xsiso2, xs1pi2, xs2pi2);
520 return 0.5*(
NNThreePi(ener, 0, xsiso0, xs1pi0, xs2pi0)+
NNThreePi(ener, 2, xsiso2, xs1pi2, xs2pi2));
529 return ((sigma>1.e-9) ? sigma : 0.);
540 return NNOnePi(particle1, particle2);
542 return NNTwoPi(particle1, particle2);
546 return NNFourPi(particle1, particle2);
559 q2=(y-std::pow(1076.0, 2))*(y-std::pow(800.0, 2))/(4.0*y);
562 G4double f3=q3/(q3+std::pow(180.0, 3));
564 sdel=326.5/(std::pow((x-1215.0-ramass)*2.0/110.0,2)+1.0);
565 return sdel*f3*(1.0-5.0*ramass/1215.0);
572 return -2.33730e-06*std::pow(x, 3)+1.13819e-02*std::pow(x,2)
573 -1.83993e+01*x+9893.4;
574 }
else if (x <= 2150.0) {
575 return 1.13531e-06*std::pow(x, 3)-6.91694e-03*std::pow(x, 2)
576 +1.39907e+01*x-9360.76;
578 return -3.18087*std::log(x)+52.9784;
589 q2=(y-std::pow(1076.0, 2))*(y-std::pow(800.0, 2))/(4.0*y);
592 G4double f3=q3/(q3+std::pow(180.0, 3));
594 sdel=326.5/(std::pow((x-1215.0-ramass)*2.0/110.0,2)+1.0);
595 return sdel*f3*(1.0-5.0*ramass/1215.0)/3.;
602 return 0.00120683*(x-1372.52)*(x-1372.52)+26.2058;
603 }
else if(x <= 1578.0) {
604 return 1.15873e-05*x*x+49965.6/((x-1519.59)*(x-1519.59)+2372.55);
605 }
else if(x <= 2028.4) {
606 return 34.0248+43262.2/((x-1681.65)*(x-1681.65)+1689.35);
607 }
else if(x <= 7500.0) {
608 return 3.3e-7*(x-7500.0)*(x-7500.0)+24.5;
617 return NNTot(p1, p2);
628 return inelastic +
elastic(p1, p2);
649 if(pLab>212677. || pLab<296.367)
654 const G4int cg = 4 + ind2t3*ipit3;
676 return 0.5*(xpipp+xpimp);
683 if(x>20000.)
return 0.0;
692 }
else if(particle2->
isPion()) {
698 const G4double q2=(y-1076.0*1076.0)*(y-800.0*800.0)/y/4.0;
702 const G4double q3 = std::pow(std::sqrt(q2),3);
703 const G4double f3 = q3/(q3 + 5832000.);
704 G4double sdelResult = 326.5/(std::pow((x-1215.0-ramass)*2.0/(110.0-ramass), 2)+1.0);
705 sdelResult = sdelResult*(1.0-5.0*ramass/1215.0);
706 const G4int cg = 4 + ind2t3*ipit3;
707 sdelResult = sdelResult*f3*cg/6.0;
729 }
else if(particle2->
isPion()) {
737 if((ind2t3 == 1 && ipit3 == 2) || (ind2t3 == -1 && ipit3 == -2))
739 else if((ind2t3 == 1 && ipit3 == -2) || (ind2t3 == -1 && ipit3 == 2))
751 if(isospin==4 || isospin==-4)
return 0.0;
765 if(Ecm <= 938.3 + deltaMass) {
769 if(Ecm < 938.3 + deltaMass + 2.0) {
770 Ecm = 938.3 + deltaMass + 2.0;
788 G4double result = 0.5 * x * y * sDelta;
793 result *= 3.*(32.0 + isospin * isospin * (deltaIsospin * deltaIsospin - 5))/64.0;
794 result /= 1.0 + 0.25 * (isospin * isospin);
831 return 5.5e-6 * x/(7.7 + x);
833 return (5.34 + 0.67*(x - 2.0)) * 1.0e-6;
837 G4double b = (7.16 - 1.63*x) * 1.0e-6;
838 return b/(1.0 + std::exp(-(x - 0.45)/0.05));
839 }
else if(pl < 1100.0) {
840 return (9.87 - 4.88 * x) * 1.0e-6;
842 return (3.68 + 0.76*x) * 1.0e-6;
867 if (OnePi < 1.e-09) OnePi = 0.;
872 if (TwoPi < 1.e-09) TwoPi = 0.;
877 if (piNThreePi < 1.e-09 || plab < 2000.) piNThreePi = 0.;
903 const G4int cg = 4 + ind2*ipi;
915 if(tamp6 >= elas && pLab < 410.) tamp6 = elas;
922 if (tamp2 < 0.0) tamp2=0;
929 if(s1pin >= elas && pLab < 410.) s1pin = 0.;
930 if (s1pin > inelastic)
962 const G4int cg = 4 + ind2*ipi;
972 if(tamp6 >= elas && pLab < 410.) tamp6 = 0.;
982 const G4double s2pin=0.5*(tamp6+tamp2);
1004 if(pLab>212677. || pLab<296.367)
1018 xpipp=17.965*std::pow(p1, 5.4606);
1020 xpipp=24.3-12.3*std::pow(p1, -1.91)+0.324*p2*p2-2.44*p2;
1032 nucleon = particle1;
1036 nucleon = particle2;
1043 if(pLab>212677. || pLab<296.367)
1059 xpimp=26.6-7.18*std::pow(p1, -1.86)+0.327*p2*p2-2.81*p2;
1072 nucleon = particle1;
1076 nucleon = particle2;
1098 tamp6=0.204+18.2*std::pow(p1, -1.72)+6.33*std::pow(p1, -1.13);
1109 nucleon = particle1;
1113 nucleon = particle2;
1135 tamp2=9.04*std::pow(p1, -1.17)+18.*std::pow(p1, -1.21);
1136 if (tamp2 < 0.0) tamp2=0;
1151 nucleon = particle1;
1155 nucleon = particle2;
1177 tamp6=1.59+25.5*std::pow(p1, -1.04);
1192 nucleon = particle1;
1196 nucleon = particle2;
1218 tamp2=2.457794117647+18.066176470588*std::pow(p1, -0.92);
Cross sections used in INCL Multipions.
virtual G4double p_pimToSzKz(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNbarElastic(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
antiparticle cross sections
static const G4double s02pmOOT
One over threshold for s02pm.
virtual G4double NDeltaToNSK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double etaPrimeNToPiN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for EtaPrimeN->PiN.
virtual G4double NpiToNKKb(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
const HornerC4 s12zzHC
Horner coefficients for s12zz.
const HornerC6 s02pmHC
Horner coefficients for s02pm.
G4double spnPiPlusPHE(const G4double x)
Internal function for pion cross sections.
G4double piMinuspTwoPi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NpiToLK2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
const HornerC4 s01pzHC
Horner coefficients for s01pz.
virtual G4double NNToMissingStrangeness(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NpiToSK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNToNNEta(Particle const *const particle1, Particle const *const particle2)
Cross section for Eta production - NN entrance channel.
static const G4double s11pmOOT
One over threshold for s11pm.
virtual G4double piNToxPiN(const G4int xpi, Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for X pion production - piN Channel.
virtual G4double NDeltaToNNKKb(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
static const G4double s02pzOOT
One over threshold for s02pz.
virtual G4double p_pimToSmKp(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNbarToLLbar(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double NNElasticFixed(const G4double s, const G4int i)
Internal implementation of the NN elastic cross section with fixed isospin.
G4double piNTot(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double piNToEtaN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross sections for mesonic resonance production - piN Channel.
virtual G4double piNToEtaPrimeN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for PiN->EtaPrimeN.
virtual G4double calculateNNAngularSlope(G4double energyCM, G4int iso)
Calculate the slope of the NN DDXS.
static const G4double s12zzOOT
One over threshold for s12zz.
virtual G4double NNToNSK2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double piNToDelta(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for Delta production - piN Channel.
static const G4double s01pzOOT
One over threshold for s01pz.
static const G4int nMaxPiNN
Maximum number of outgoing pions in NN collisions.
virtual G4double NKelastic(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double omegaNToPiPiN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for OmegaN->PiPiN.
static const G4double s01ppOOT
One over threshold for s01pp.
virtual G4double elastic(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Elastic particle-particle cross section.
virtual G4double etaNToPiN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross sections for mesonic resonance absorption on nucleon - piN Channel.
virtual G4double NpiToSK2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NpiToLK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-Pion to Stange particles cross sections.
virtual G4double p_pizToSzKp(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NKbToNKbpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNbarToNNbar3pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNbarCEX(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double NNTot(Particle const *const part1, Particle const *const part2)
Internal implementation of the NN total cross section.
virtual G4double NNToNSK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double omegaNToPiN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for OmegaN->PiN.
virtual G4double NNbarToNNbarpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-AntiNucleon to Nucleon-AntiNucleon + pions cross sections.
virtual G4double piNTwoPi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for Two (more) pion production - piN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NNToNNOmegaExclu(Particle const *const particle1, Particle const *const particle2)
Cross section for Eta production (exclusive) - NN entrance channel.
static const G4double s11pzOOT
One over threshold for s11pz.
static const G4double s12mzOOT
One over threshold for s12mz.
virtual G4double NKbelastic(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNToNDeltaEta(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for N-Delta-Eta production - NNEta Channel.
const HornerC8 s01ppHC
Horner coefficients for s01pp.
G4double NNTotFixed(const G4double s, const G4int i)
Internal implementation of the NN total cross section with fixed isospin.
virtual G4double NDeltaToNN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for NDelta->NN.
virtual G4double NNTwoPi(const G4double ener, const G4int iso, const G4double xsiso)
Cross section for direct 2-pion production - NN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NKbToL2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
CrossSectionsMultiPions()
virtual G4double NNToNLKpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNToNNKKb(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
static const G4double s12ppOOT
One over threshold for s12pp.
virtual G4double NDeltaToDeltaSK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double piPluspIne(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NKToNK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-Kaon quasi-elastic and inelastic cross sections.
virtual G4double NNToNDelta(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for Delta production - NN Channel.
virtual G4double NKbToSpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
const HornerC4 s11pmHC
Horner coefficients for s11pm.
virtual G4double piNToOmegaN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for PiN->OmegaN.
static const G4int nMaxPiPiN
Maximum number of outgoing pions in piN collisions.
virtual G4double total(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Total (elastic+inelastic) particle-particle cross section.
virtual G4double NNToNNEtaExclu(Particle const *const particle1, Particle const *const particle2)
Cross section for Eta production (exclusive) - NN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NNbarToNNbar2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double piNIne(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNToNNEtaxPi(const G4int xpi, Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for X pion production - NNEta Channel.
const HornerC7 s11pzHC
Horner coefficients for s11pz.
G4double piMinuspIne(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
static const G4double s12pmOOT
One over threshold for s12pm.
const HornerC3 s12ppHC
Horner coefficients for s12pp.
const HornerC4 s12mzHC
Horner coefficients for s12mz.
virtual G4double NKToNK2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNOnePiOrDelta(const G4double ener, const G4int iso, const G4double xsiso)
Cross section for direct 1-pion production + delta production - NN entrance channel.
G4double NNElastic(Particle const *const part1, Particle const *const part2)
Internal implementation of the NN elastic cross section.
virtual G4double NpiToMissingStrangeness(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NDeltaToNLK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-Delta to Stange particles cross sections.
virtual G4double NKToNKpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNToNLK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-Nucleon to Stange particles cross sections.
virtual G4double NNToNNOmega(Particle const *const particle1, Particle const *const particle2)
Cross section for Eta production - NN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NSToNS(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNThreePi(const G4double ener, const G4int iso, const G4double xsiso, const G4double xs1pi, const G4double xs2pi)
Cross section for direct 3-pion production - NN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NKbToNKb(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-antiKaon quasi-elastic and inelastic cross sections.
virtual G4double NNOnePi(Particle const *const part1, Particle const *const part2)
Cross section for direct 1-pion production - NN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NNToxPiNN(const G4int xpi, Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for X pion production - NN Channel.
virtual G4double NSToNL(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double piNOnePi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for One (more) pion production - piN entrance channel.
virtual G4double NLToNS(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-Hyperon cross sections.
virtual G4double NpiToLKpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double piMinuspOnePi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NKbToLpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double spnPiMinusPHE(const G4double x)
Internal function for pion cross sections.
virtual G4double NNToNDeltaOmega(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for N-Delta-Eta production - NNEta Channel.
virtual G4double NNToNSKpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double etaNToPiPiN(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross sections for mesonic resonance absorption on nucleon - pipiN Channel.
G4double piPluspOnePi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NYelastic(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
elastic scattering for Nucleon-Strange Particles cross sections
virtual G4double NDeltaToDeltaLK(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double NNInelasticIso(const G4double ener, const G4int iso)
Internal implementation of the isospin dependent NN reaction cross section.
virtual G4double NNFourPi(Particle const *const part1, Particle const *const part2)
Cross section for direct 4-pion production - NN entrance channel.
const HornerC5 s12pmHC
Horner coefficients for s12pm.
virtual G4double NNToNNOmegaxPi(const G4int xpi, Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Cross section for X pion production - NNEta Channel.
virtual G4double NNToNLK2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NpiToSKpi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NNbarToAnnihilation(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
Nucleon-AntiNucleon total annihilation cross sections.
const HornerC4 s02pzHC
Horner coefficients for s02pz.
G4double piPluspTwoPi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NKbToNKb2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
virtual G4double NKbToS2pi(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4bool isPion() const
Is this a pion?
G4INCL::ParticleType getType() const
std::string print() const
G4double getMass() const
Get the cached particle mass.
G4bool isDelta() const
Is it a Delta?
G4double squareTotalEnergyInCM(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double totalEnergyInCM(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
G4double momentumInLab(Particle const *const p1, Particle const *const p2)
gives the momentum in the lab frame of two particles.
const G4double effectiveNucleonMass2
G4int getIsospin(const ParticleType t)
Get the isospin of a particle.
const G4double effectiveNucleonMass
static G4double eval(const G4double pLab, const G4double oneOverThreshold, HornerCoefficients< N > const &coeffs)
static G4double eval(const G4double x, HornerCoefficients< N > const &coeffs)