G4ChordFinder.cc

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//
// G4ChordFinder implementation
//
// Author: J.Apostolakis - Design and implementation - 25.02.1997
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
#include <iomanip>
 
#include "G4ChordFinder.hh"
#include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
#include "G4MagneticField.hh"
#include "G4Mag_UsualEqRhs.hh"
#include "G4MagIntegratorDriver.hh"
// #include "G4ClassicalRK4.hh"
// #include "G4CashKarpRKF45.hh"
// #include "G4NystromRK4.hh"
// #include "G4BogackiShampine23.hh"
// #include "G4BogackiShampine45.hh"
 
#include "G4DormandPrince745.hh"
 
// New templated stepper(s) -- avoid virtual calls to equation rhs
#include "G4TDormandPrince45.hh"
 
// FSAL type driver / steppers -----
#include "G4FSALIntegrationDriver.hh"
#include "G4VFSALIntegrationStepper.hh"
#include "G4RK547FEq1.hh"
// #include "G4RK547FEq2.hh"
// #include "G4RK547FEq3.hh"
// #include "G4FSALBogackiShampine45.hh"
// #include "G4FSALDormandPrince745.hh"
 
// Templated type drivers -----
#include "G4IntegrationDriver.hh"
#include "G4InterpolationDriver.hh"
 
#include "G4HelixHeum.hh"
#include "G4BFieldIntegrationDriver.hh"
 
#include "G4QSSDriverCreator.hh"
 
#include "G4CachedMagneticField.hh"
 
#include <cassert>
#include <memory>
 
G4bool G4ChordFinder::gVerboseCtor = false;
// ..........................................................................
 
G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder(G4VIntegrationDriver* pIntegrationDriver)
  : fDefaultDeltaChord(0.25 * mm), fIntgrDriver(pIntegrationDriver)
{
  // Simple constructor -- it does not create equation
  if( gVerboseCtor )
  {
    G4cout << "G4ChordFinder: Simple constructor -- it uses pre-existing driver." << G4endl;
  }
   
  fDeltaChord = fDefaultDeltaChord;       // Parameters
}
 
// ..........................................................................
 
G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder( G4MagneticField*        theMagField,
                              G4double                stepMinimum,
                              G4MagIntegratorStepper* pItsStepper,
                              G4int               stepperDriverId )
  : fDefaultDeltaChord(0.25 * mm)
{
  // Construct the Chord Finder
  // by creating in inverse order the Driver, the Stepper and EqRhs ...
  constexpr G4int nVar6 = 6;   // Components integrated in Usual Equation of motion
  
  fDeltaChord = fDefaultDeltaChord;       // Parameters
 
  G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: stepperDriverId: " << stepperDriverId  << G4endl;
 
  G4bool useFSALstepper     = (stepperDriverId == kFSALStepperType);       // Was 1
  G4bool useTemplatedStepper= (stepperDriverId == kTemplatedStepperType);  // Was 2 
  G4bool useRegularStepper  = (stepperDriverId == kRegularStepperType);    // Was 3
  G4bool useBfieldDriver    = (stepperDriverId == kBfieldDriverType);      // Was 4 
  G4bool useG4QSSDriver     = (stepperDriverId == kQss2DriverType) || (stepperDriverId == kQss3DriverType);
 
  if( stepperDriverId == kQss3DriverType)
  {
    stepperDriverId = kQss2DriverType;
    G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: QSS 3 is currently replaced by QSS 2 driver." << G4endl;
  }
 
  using EquationType = G4Mag_UsualEqRhs;
  
  using TemplatedStepperType =
         G4TDormandPrince45<EquationType,nVar6>; // 5th order embedded method. High efficiency.
  const char* TemplatedStepperName = 
      "G4TDormandPrince745 (templated Dormand-Prince45, aka DoPri5): 5th/4th Order 7-stage embedded";
  
  using RegularStepperType =
         G4DormandPrince745; // 5th order embedded method. High efficiency.     
         // G4ClassicalRK4;        // The old default
         // G4CashKarpRKF45;       // First embedded method in G4
         // G4BogackiShampine45;   // High efficiency 5th order embedded method
         // G4NystromRK4;          // Nystrom stepper 4th order 
         // G4RK547FEq1;  // or 2 or 3 
  const char* RegularStepperName = 
      "G4DormandPrince745 (aka DOPRI5): 5th/4th Order 7-stage embedded";
      // "BogackiShampine 45 (Embedded 5th/4th Order, 7-stage)";
      // "Nystrom stepper 4th order";
 
  using NewFsalStepperType = G4DormandPrince745; // Now works -- 2020.10.08
                                                 //  Was G4RK547FEq1; // or 2 or 3
  const char* NewFSALStepperName =
      "G4RK574FEq1> FSAL 4th/5th order 7-stage 'Equilibrium-type' #1.";
  
#ifdef G4DEBUG_FIELD
  static G4bool verboseDebug = true;
  if( verboseDebug )
  {
     G4cout << "G4ChordFinder 2nd Constructor called. " << G4endl;
     G4cout << " Arguments: " << G4endl
            << " - min step = " << stepMinimum << G4endl
            << " - stepper ptr provided : "
            << ( pItsStepper==nullptr ? " no  " : " yes " ) << G4endl;
     if( pItsStepper==nullptr )
        G4cout << " - stepper/driver Id = " << stepperDriverId << " i.e. "
               << "  useFSAL = " << useFSALstepper
               << "  , useTemplated = " << useTemplatedStepper
               << "  , useRegular = " << useRegularStepper
               << "  , useFSAL = " << useFSALstepper        
               << G4endl;
  }
#endif
 
  // useHigherStepper = forceHigherEffiencyStepper || useHigherStepper;
 
  auto  pEquation = new G4Mag_UsualEqRhs(theMagField);
  fEquation = pEquation;                            
 
  // G4MagIntegratorStepper* regularStepper = nullptr;
  // G4VFSALIntegrationStepper* fsalStepper = nullptr; // for FSAL steppers only
  // G4MagIntegratorStepper* oldFSALStepper = nullptr;
 
  G4bool errorInStepperCreation = false;
 
  std::ostringstream message;  // In case of failure, load with description !
 
  if( pItsStepper != nullptr )
  {
     if( gVerboseCtor )
     {
       G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: Creating G4IntegrationDriver<G4MagIntegratorStepper> with "
              << " stepMinimum = " << stepMinimum
              << " numVar= " << pItsStepper->GetNumberOfVariables() << G4endl;
     }
 
     // Stepper type is not known - so must use base class G4MagIntegratorStepper
      if(pItsStepper->isQSS())
      {
         // fIntgrDriver = pItsStepper->build_driver(stepMinimum, true);
         G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder()",
                      "GeomField1001", FatalException,
                      "Cannot provide  QSS stepper in constructor. User c-tor with Driver instead.");
      }
      else
      {
         fIntgrDriver = new G4IntegrationDriver<G4MagIntegratorStepper>( stepMinimum,
                                  pItsStepper, pItsStepper->GetNumberOfVariables() );
         // Stepper type is not known - so must use base class G4MagIntegratorStepper      
         // Non-interpolating driver used by default.
         // WAS:  fIntgrDriver = pItsStepper->build_driver(stepMinimum);  // QSS introduction -- axed
      }
     // -- Older:
     // G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: Creating G4MagInt_Driver with " ...
     // Type is not known - so must use old class     
     // fIntgrDriver = new G4MagInt_Driver( stepMinimum, pItsStepper,
     //                                 pItsStepper->GetNumberOfVariables());
  }
  else if ( useTemplatedStepper )
  {
     if( gVerboseCtor )
     {
        G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: Creating Templated Stepper of type> "
               << TemplatedStepperName << G4endl;
     }
     // RegularStepperType* regularStepper = nullptr; // To check the exception
     auto templatedStepper = new TemplatedStepperType(pEquation);
     //                    *** ******************
     //
     // Alternative - for G4NystromRK4:
     // = new G4NystromRK4(pEquation, 0.1*mm );
     fRegularStepperOwned = templatedStepper;
     if( templatedStepper == nullptr )
     {
        message << "Templated Stepper instantiation FAILED." << G4endl;        
        message << "G4ChordFinder: Attempted to instantiate "
                << TemplatedStepperName << " type stepper " << G4endl;
        errorInStepperCreation = true;
     }
     else
     {
        fIntgrDriver = new G4IntegrationDriver<TemplatedStepperType>(
           stepMinimum, templatedStepper, nVar6 );
        if( gVerboseCtor )
        {
           G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: Using G4IntegrationDriver. " << G4endl;
        }
     }
     
  }
  else if ( useRegularStepper   )  // Plain stepper -- not double ...
  {
     auto regularStepper = new RegularStepperType(pEquation);
     //                    *** ******************     
     fRegularStepperOwned = regularStepper;
 
     if( gVerboseCtor )
     {
        G4cout << " G4ChordFinder: Creating Driver for regular stepper.";
     }
     
     if( regularStepper == nullptr )
     {
        message << "Regular Stepper instantiation FAILED." << G4endl;        
        message << "G4ChordFinder: Attempted to instantiate "
                << RegularStepperName << " type stepper " << G4endl;
        errorInStepperCreation = true;
     }
     else
     {
        auto dp5= dynamic_cast<G4DormandPrince745*>(regularStepper);
        if( dp5 != nullptr )
        {
           fIntgrDriver = new G4InterpolationDriver<G4DormandPrince745>(
                                  stepMinimum, dp5, nVar6 );           
           if( gVerboseCtor )
           {
              G4cout << " Using InterpolationDriver<DoPri5> " << G4endl;
           }
        }
        else
        {
           fIntgrDriver = new G4IntegrationDriver<RegularStepperType>(
                                  stepMinimum, regularStepper, nVar6 );
           if( gVerboseCtor )
           {
              G4cout << " Using IntegrationDriver<DoPri5> " << G4endl;
           }
        }
     }
  }
  else if ( useBfieldDriver )
  {
     auto regularStepper = new G4DormandPrince745(pEquation);
     //                    *** ******************
     //
     fRegularStepperOwned = regularStepper;
     
     {        
        using SmallStepDriver = G4InterpolationDriver<G4DormandPrince745>;
        using LargeStepDriver = G4IntegrationDriver<G4HelixHeum>;
 
        fLongStepper = std::make_unique<G4HelixHeum>(pEquation);
        
        fIntgrDriver = new G4BFieldIntegrationDriver(
          std::make_unique<SmallStepDriver>(stepMinimum,
              regularStepper, regularStepper->GetNumberOfVariables()),
          std::make_unique<LargeStepDriver>(stepMinimum,
              fLongStepper.get(), regularStepper->GetNumberOfVariables()) );
        
        if( fIntgrDriver == nullptr)
        {        
           message << "Using G4BFieldIntegrationDriver with "
                   << RegularStepperName << " type stepper " << G4endl;
           message << "Driver instantiation FAILED." << G4endl;
           G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder()",
                       "GeomField1001", JustWarning, message);
        }
     }
  }
  else if( useG4QSSDriver )
  {
     if( stepperDriverId == kQss2DriverType )
     {
       auto qssStepper2 = G4QSSDriverCreator::CreateQss2Stepper(pEquation);
       if( gVerboseCtor )
       {
         G4cout << "-- Created QSS-2 stepper" << G4endl;
       }
       fIntgrDriver = G4QSSDriverCreator::CreateDriver(qssStepper2);
     }
     else
     {
       auto qssStepper3 = G4QSSDriverCreator::CreateQss3Stepper(pEquation);
       if( gVerboseCtor )
       {
         G4cout << "-- Created QSS-3 stepper" << G4endl;
       }
       fIntgrDriver = G4QSSDriverCreator::CreateDriver(qssStepper3);        
     }
     if( gVerboseCtor )
     {
       G4cout << "-- G4ChordFinder: Using QSS Driver." << G4endl;
     }
  }
  else
  {
     auto fsalStepper=  new NewFsalStepperType(pEquation);
     //                 *** ******************
     fNewFSALStepperOwned = fsalStepper;
 
     if( fsalStepper == nullptr )
     {
        message << "Stepper instantiation FAILED." << G4endl;        
        message << "Attempted to instantiate "
                << NewFSALStepperName << " type stepper " << G4endl;
        G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder()",
                    "GeomField1001", JustWarning, message);
        errorInStepperCreation = true;
     }
     else
     {
        fIntgrDriver = new
           G4FSALIntegrationDriver<NewFsalStepperType>(stepMinimum, fsalStepper,
                                          fsalStepper->GetNumberOfVariables() );
           //  ====  Create the driver which knows the class type
        
        if( fIntgrDriver == nullptr )
        {
           message << "Using G4FSALIntegrationDriver with stepper type: "
                   << NewFSALStepperName << G4endl;
           message << "Integration Driver instantiation FAILED." << G4endl;
           G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder()",
                       "GeomField1001", JustWarning, message);
        }
     }
  }
 
  // -- Main work is now done
  
  //    Now check that no error occured, and report it if one did.
  
  // To test failure to create driver
  // delete fIntgrDriver;
  // fIntgrDriver = nullptr;
 
  // Detect and report Error conditions
  //
  if( errorInStepperCreation || (fIntgrDriver == nullptr ))
  {
     std::ostringstream errmsg;
     
     if( errorInStepperCreation )
     {
        errmsg  << "ERROR> Failure to create Stepper object." << G4endl
                << "       --------------------------------" << G4endl;
     }
     if (fIntgrDriver == nullptr )
     {
        errmsg  << "ERROR> Failure to create Integration-Driver object."
                << G4endl
                << "       -------------------------------------------"
                << G4endl;
     }
     const std::string BoolName[2]= { "False", "True" }; 
     errmsg << "  Configuration:  (constructor arguments) " << G4endl        
            << "    provided Stepper = " << pItsStepper << G4endl
            << " stepper/driver Id = " << stepperDriverId << " i.e. "
            << "   useTemplated = " << BoolName[useTemplatedStepper]
            << "   useRegular = " << BoolName[useRegularStepper]
            << "   useFSAL = " << BoolName[useFSALstepper]
            << "   using combo BField Driver = " <<
                   BoolName[ ! (useFSALstepper||useTemplatedStepper
                               || useRegularStepper ) ] 
            << G4endl;
     errmsg << message.str(); 
     errmsg << "Aborting.";
     G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::G4ChordFinder() - constructor 2",
                 "GeomField0003", FatalException, errmsg);     
  }
 
  assert(    ( pItsStepper != nullptr ) 
          || ( fRegularStepperOwned != nullptr )
          || ( fNewFSALStepperOwned != nullptr )
          || useG4QSSDriver
     );
  assert( fIntgrDriver != nullptr );
}
 
// ......................................................................
 
G4ChordFinder::~G4ChordFinder()
{
  delete fEquation;
  delete fRegularStepperOwned;
  delete fNewFSALStepperOwned;
  delete fCachedField;
  delete fIntgrDriver;
}
 
// ...........................................................................
 
G4FieldTrack
G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePointS( const G4FieldTrack&  CurveA_PointVelocity, 
                                  const G4FieldTrack&  CurveB_PointVelocity, 
                                  const G4FieldTrack&  ApproxCurveV,
                                  const G4ThreeVector& CurrentE_Point,
                                  const G4ThreeVector& CurrentF_Point,
                                  const G4ThreeVector& PointG,
                                        G4bool first, G4double eps_step)
{
  // ApproxCurvePointS is 2nd implementation of ApproxCurvePoint.
  // Use Brent Algorithm (or InvParabolic) when possible.
  // Given a starting curve point A (CurveA_PointVelocity), curve point B
  // (CurveB_PointVelocity), a point E which is (generally) not on the curve
  // and  a point F which is on the curve (first approximation), find new
  // point S on the curve closer to point E. 
  // While advancing towards S utilise 'eps_step' as a measure of the
  // relative accuracy of each Step.
 
  G4FieldTrack EndPoint(CurveA_PointVelocity);
  if(!first) { EndPoint = ApproxCurveV; }
 
  G4ThreeVector Point_A,Point_B;
  Point_A=CurveA_PointVelocity.GetPosition();
  Point_B=CurveB_PointVelocity.GetPosition();
 
  G4double xa,xb,xc,ya,yb,yc;
 
  // InverseParabolic. AF Intersects (First Part of Curve) 
 
  if(first)
  {
    xa=0.;
    ya=(PointG-Point_A).mag();
    xb=(Point_A-CurrentF_Point).mag();
    yb=-(PointG-CurrentF_Point).mag();
    xc=(Point_A-Point_B).mag();
    yc=-(CurrentE_Point-Point_B).mag();
  }    
  else
  {
    xa=0.;
    ya=(Point_A-CurrentE_Point).mag();
    xb=(Point_A-CurrentF_Point).mag();
    yb=(PointG-CurrentF_Point).mag();
    xc=(Point_A-Point_B).mag();
    yc=-(Point_B-PointG).mag();
    if(xb==0.)
    {
      EndPoint = ApproxCurvePointV(CurveA_PointVelocity, CurveB_PointVelocity,
                                   CurrentE_Point, eps_step);
      return EndPoint;
    }
  }
 
  const G4double tolerance = 1.e-12;
  if(std::abs(ya)<=tolerance||std::abs(yc)<=tolerance)
  {
    ; // What to do for the moment: return the same point as at start
      // then PropagatorInField will take care
  }
  else
  {
    G4double test_step = InvParabolic(xa,ya,xb,yb,xc,yc);
    G4double curve;
    if(first)
    {
      curve=std::abs(EndPoint.GetCurveLength()
                    -ApproxCurveV.GetCurveLength());
    }
    else
    {
      test_step = test_step - xb;
      curve=std::abs(EndPoint.GetCurveLength()
                    -CurveB_PointVelocity.GetCurveLength());
      xb = (CurrentF_Point-Point_B).mag();
    }
      
    if(test_step<=0)    { test_step=0.1*xb; }
    if(test_step>=xb)   { test_step=0.5*xb; }
    if(test_step>=curve){ test_step=0.5*curve; } 
 
    if(curve*(1.+eps_step)<xb) // Similar to ReEstimate Step from
    {                          // G4VIntersectionLocator
      test_step=0.5*curve;
    }
 
    fIntgrDriver->AccurateAdvance(EndPoint,test_step, eps_step);
      
#ifdef G4DEBUG_FIELD
    // Printing Brent and Linear Approximation
    //
    G4cout << "G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePointS() - test-step ShF = "
           << test_step << "  EndPoint = " << EndPoint << G4endl;
 
    //  Test Track
    //
    G4FieldTrack TestTrack( CurveA_PointVelocity);
    TestTrack = ApproxCurvePointV( CurveA_PointVelocity, 
                                   CurveB_PointVelocity, 
                                   CurrentE_Point, eps_step );
    G4cout.precision(14);
    G4cout << "G4ChordFinder::BrentApprox = " << EndPoint  << G4endl;
    G4cout << "G4ChordFinder::LinearApprox= " << TestTrack << G4endl; 
#endif
  }
  return EndPoint;
}
 
 
// ...........................................................................
 
G4FieldTrack G4ChordFinder::
ApproxCurvePointV( const G4FieldTrack& CurveA_PointVelocity, 
                   const G4FieldTrack& CurveB_PointVelocity, 
                   const G4ThreeVector& CurrentE_Point,
                         G4double eps_step)
{
  // If r=|AE|/|AB|, and s=true path lenght (AB)
  // return the point that is r*s along the curve!
 
  G4FieldTrack   Current_PointVelocity = CurveA_PointVelocity; 
 
  G4ThreeVector  CurveA_Point= CurveA_PointVelocity.GetPosition();
  G4ThreeVector  CurveB_Point= CurveB_PointVelocity.GetPosition();
 
  G4ThreeVector  ChordAB_Vector= CurveB_Point   - CurveA_Point;
  G4ThreeVector  ChordAE_Vector= CurrentE_Point - CurveA_Point;
 
  G4double       ABdist= ChordAB_Vector.mag();
  G4double  curve_length;  //  A curve length  of AB
  G4double  AE_fraction; 
  
  curve_length= CurveB_PointVelocity.GetCurveLength()
              - CurveA_PointVelocity.GetCurveLength();  
 
  G4double integrationInaccuracyLimit= std::max( perMillion, 0.5*eps_step ); 
  if( curve_length < ABdist * (1. - integrationInaccuracyLimit) )
  { 
#ifdef G4DEBUG_FIELD
    G4cerr << " Warning in G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePoint: "
           << G4endl
           << " The two points are further apart than the curve length "
           << G4endl
           << " Dist = "         << ABdist
           << " curve length = " << curve_length 
           << " relativeDiff = " << (curve_length-ABdist)/ABdist 
           << G4endl;
    if( curve_length < ABdist * (1. - 10*eps_step) )
    {
      std::ostringstream message;
      message << "Unphysical curve length." << G4endl
              << "The size of the above difference exceeds allowed limits."
              << G4endl
              << "Aborting.";
      G4Exception("G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePointV()", "GeomField0003",
                  FatalException, message);
    }
#endif
    // Take default corrective action: adjust the maximum curve length. 
    // NOTE: this case only happens for relatively straight paths.
    // curve_length = ABdist; 
  }
 
  G4double new_st_length; 
 
  if ( ABdist > 0.0 )
  {
     AE_fraction = ChordAE_Vector.mag() / ABdist;
  }
  else
  {
     AE_fraction = 0.5;                         // Guess .. ?; 
#ifdef G4DEBUG_FIELD
     G4cout << "Warning in G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePointV():"
            << " A and B are the same point!" << G4endl
            << " Chord AB length = " << ChordAE_Vector.mag() << G4endl
            << G4endl;
#endif
  }
  
  if( (AE_fraction> 1.0 + perMillion) || (AE_fraction< 0.) )
  {
#ifdef G4DEBUG_FIELD
    G4cerr << " G4ChordFinder::ApproxCurvePointV() - Warning:"
           << " Anomalous condition:AE > AB or AE/AB <= 0 " << G4endl
           << "   AE_fraction = " <<  AE_fraction << G4endl
           << "   Chord AE length = " << ChordAE_Vector.mag() << G4endl
           << "   Chord AB length = " << ABdist << G4endl << G4endl;
    G4cerr << " OK if this condition occurs after a recalculation of 'B'"
           << G4endl << " Otherwise it is an error. " << G4endl ; 
#endif
     // This course can now result if B has been re-evaluated, 
     // without E being recomputed (1 July 99).
     // In this case this is not a "real error" - but it is undesired
     // and we cope with it by a default corrective action ...
     //
     AE_fraction = 0.5;                         // Default value
  }
 
  new_st_length = AE_fraction * curve_length; 
 
  if ( AE_fraction > 0.0 )
  { 
     fIntgrDriver->AccurateAdvance(Current_PointVelocity, 
                                   new_st_length, eps_step );
     //
     // In this case it does not matter if it cannot advance the full distance
  }
 
  // If there was a memory of the step_length actually required at the start 
  // of the integration Step, this could be re-used ...
 
  G4cout.precision(14);
 
  return Current_PointVelocity;
}
 
// ...........................................................................
 
std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream& os, const G4ChordFinder& cf)
{
   // Dumping the state of G4ChordFinder
   os << "State of G4ChordFinder : " << std::endl;
   os << "   delta_chord   = " <<  cf.fDeltaChord;
   os << "   Default d_c   = " <<  cf.fDefaultDeltaChord;
 
   os << "   stats-verbose = " <<  cf.fStatsVerbose;
 
   return os;
}